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ICE & FIRE

A SONG OF ICE AND FIRE Β· GAME OF THRONES

George R.R. Martin's epic fantasy saga β€” where noble houses clash for power, ancient threats stir beyond the Wall, and fire-breathing dragons return to a world that forgot them. From the page to the screen and beyond.

"When you play the game of thrones, you win or you die. There is no middle ground."
β€” Cersei Lannister
Books Published
5 of 7 planned
TV Seasons
8 (73 episodes)
Emmys
59 wins (record)
Copies Sold
100M+ in 47 languages
First Book
A Game of Thrones (1996)
Author
George R.R. Martin
Spin-offs
House of the Dragon, A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms
The Winds of Winter
Still waiting...

The Books

A Game of Thrones (1996) Β· A Clash of Kings (1998) Β· A Storm of Swords (2000) Β· A Feast for Crows (2005) Β· A Dance with Dragons (2011) Β· The Winds of Winter (TBD) Β· A Dream of Spring (TBD)

Plus companion works: Fire & Blood (Targaryen history, basis for House of the Dragon), The World of Ice & Fire (encyclopedia), and Tales of Dunk and Egg (prequel novellas, basis for A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms).

πŸ—‘οΈ Explore All 100 Characters β†’
🧠 200 Quotes + 150 Knowledge Questions β†’
πŸ˜‚ 40 Famous GOT Memes & Their Origins β†’

πŸ“œ TIMELINE OF WESTEROS

~12,000 BAC β€” The Dawn Age
The Children of the Forest inhabit Westeros. The First Men arrive from Essos via the land bridge at Dorne. War breaks out; the Children shatter the land bridge, creating the Stepstones.
~10,000 BAC β€” The Pact
The First Men and Children of the Forest sign the Pact on the Isle of Faces, ending their war. The era of the Thousand Kingdoms begins.
~8,000 BAC β€” The Long Night
The White Walkers descend from the far north, bringing endless winter and death. The First Men and Children unite to defeat them in the War for the Dawn. Bran the Builder raises the Wall and founds House Stark and the Night's Watch.
~6,000 BAC β€” The Andal Invasion
The Andals cross the Narrow Sea, conquering all of southern Westeros. Only the North remains under First Men rule. The Faith of the Seven arrives.
~5,000 BAC β€” Rise of Valyria
The Valyrian Freehold rises in Essos, taming dragons and building the greatest civilization the world has known. The Targaryens are one of forty dragonlord families.
~100 BAC β€” The Doom of Valyria
A cataclysm destroys Valyria and nearly all its dragons. The Targaryens, who relocated to Dragonstone before the Doom (warned by a prophetic dream), are among the few survivors.
1 AC β€” Aegon's Conquest
Aegon I Targaryen and his sister-wives Visenya and Rhaenys conquer six of the Seven Kingdoms with three dragons. The Iron Throne is forged from the swords of the defeated. Only Dorne resists.
129–131 AC β€” Dance of the Dragons
Civil war between Targaryen factions: Rhaenyra vs. Aegon II. Dragon fights dragon. Nearly all dragons are killed. The basis for House of the Dragon.
~209 AC β€” Tales of Dunk and Egg
The adventures of Ser Duncan the Tall and his squire Egg (future King Aegon V). A simpler, more personal era. Basis for A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms.
259 AC β€” Tragedy at Summerhall
King Aegon V and his son die in a fire at Summerhall, possibly trying to hatch dragon eggs. Rhaegar Targaryen is born the same day amid the flames.
280–283 AC β€” Robert's Rebellion
Prince Rhaegar abducts (or elopes with) Lyanna Stark. The Mad King Aerys burns Ned's father and brother alive. Robert Baratheon, Ned Stark, and Jon Arryn overthrow the Targaryens. Jaime kills the Mad King. Robert takes the throne. Rhaegar's children are murdered. Daenerys and Viserys flee to Essos.
298 AC β€” A Game of Thrones Begins
Jon Arryn is poisoned. Ned Stark becomes Hand of the King. He discovers Cersei's children are Jaime's. Robert dies. Ned is betrayed and executed. The War of the Five Kings erupts. Daenerys hatches three dragons.
299 AC β€” War of the Five Kings
Robb Stark, Joffrey Baratheon, Stannis Baratheon, Renly Baratheon, and Balon Greyjoy all claim power. The Red Wedding massacres the Starks. Joffrey is poisoned. Tyrion kills Tywin.
300–302 AC β€” Fire & Blood Return
Jon Snow is elected Lord Commander, killed, and resurrected. Daenerys conquers cities across Essos. Cersei destroys the Sept of Baelor. The Wall falls. The Battle of Winterfell defeats the Night King. Daenerys burns King's Landing. Jon kills Daenerys. Bran becomes King.

πŸ‘₯ KEY CHARACTERS

πŸ—‘οΈ Full 100-Character Guide with Book vs Show Details β†’
🐺
Jon Snow
Stark / Targaryen

Raised as Ned Stark's bastard, actually Aegon Targaryen β€” son of Rhaegar and Lyanna. Lord Commander of the Night's Watch, resurrected from death, King in the North, and the man who kills Daenerys to save the realm. His honor is his strength and his curse.

Kit Harington
πŸ‰
Daenerys Targaryen
Targaryen

The Mother of Dragons. Exiled princess who rises from nothing to conquer cities, free slaves, and hatch the first dragons in a century. Her descent from liberator to tyrant is the series' most debated arc. Fire and blood indeed.

Emilia Clarke
🦁
Tyrion Lannister
Lannister

The Imp. Despised by his father, mocked for his dwarfism, but the most intelligent person in Westeros. His wit is his weapon, his compassion his secret strength. Drinks and knows things.

Peter Dinklage
πŸ‘‘
Cersei Lannister
Lannister

The Lioness. A queen who wanted the power her gender denied her, and destroyed everything to get it. Her love for her children is genuine; her methods are monstrous. The most dangerous woman in Westeros.

Lena Headey
βš”οΈ
Jaime Lannister
Lannister

The Kingslayer. Broke his oath to save half a million people, then spent his life paying for it. His redemption arc β€” from arrogant knight to humbled man β€” is one of the series' finest. Lost his hand, found his honor.

Nikolaj Coster-Waldau
🐺
Arya Stark
Stark

The girl who became No One β€” then chose to be Arya Stark. Trained by assassins, driven by a kill list, but ultimately the one who kills the Night King. A girl has many names, but only one identity.

Maisie Williams
🐺
Sansa Stark
Stark

From naive girl dreaming of princes to Queen in the North. Sansa's education comes from the cruelest teachers: Cersei, Littlefinger, Ramsay. She survives them all and becomes the leader Winterfell needs.

Sophie Turner
🐺
Ned Stark
Stark

The honorable fool. Ned's death in Season 1 told the world this wasn't a normal fantasy story β€” heroes die, honor gets you killed, and the game of thrones has no mercy for the good.

Sean Bean
πŸ”₯
The Night King
White Walkers

The existential threat. Created by the Children of the Forest as a weapon against men, the Night King became an unstoppable force of death. His army of the dead represents the ultimate enemy β€” one that doesn't care about your politics.

Vladimir Furdik
πŸ•ΈοΈ
Petyr 'Littlefinger' Baelish
None

Chaos is a ladder. The master manipulator who engineered the War of the Five Kings from behind the scenes, all because he was rejected by Catelyn Stark decades earlier. Proof that the most dangerous weapon in Westeros is a grudge.

Aidan Gillen
πŸ—‘οΈ
Brienne of Tarth
Tarth

The truest knight in Westeros β€” who happens to be a woman. Mocked for her appearance, she proves her worth through unwavering loyalty and skill. Her knighting scene is among the show's most emotional moments.

Gwendoline Christie
🐢
Sandor 'The Hound' Clegane
Clegane

A killer who hates killers. The Hound's journey from Joffrey's attack dog to Arya's reluctant protector is one of the show's most human arcs. His hatred of his brother and his fear of fire define him.

Rory McCann

🎲 FUN FACTS

✍️
Martin wrote the first chapter β€” Bran seeing the execution and finding the direwolves β€” in a sudden burst of inspiration in 1991, while he was supposed to be writing a sci-fi novel called Avalon.
πŸ“Ί
The original pilot was so bad it was completely reshot. Almost 90% was refilmed, Daenerys was recast (from Tamzin Merchant to Emilia Clarke), and the entire Dothraki wedding was redone.
🐺
The direwolves in the show were played by real Northern Inuit dogs in early seasons, with CGI enhancement. Sophie Turner adopted her on-screen direwolf Lady.
πŸ—‘οΈ
The Iron Throne in the books is described as a massive, ugly, asymmetric monstrosity made from a thousand swords. Martin said the show version is too small and too neat.
πŸ“–
Martin originally planned ASOIAF as a trilogy. It expanded to four books, then six, then seven. He's been writing Book 6 since 2011.
πŸ’€
The Red Wedding was inspired by two real Scottish historical events: the Black Dinner of 1440 and the Glencoe Massacre of 1692.
🎭
Peter Dinklage was Martin's first and only choice for Tyrion. Martin wrote: "I have only one request. No matter what else you do, please get Peter Dinklage."
πŸ‰
The Dothraki language in the show was created by linguist David J. Peterson, who also created the High Valyrian language. Both are fully functional constructed languages.
πŸ‘‘
The show became the most Emmy-winning narrative series in history with 59 wins, surpassing Frasier's long-standing record.
πŸ“Š
The Season 8 finale drew 19.3 million viewers, making it the most-watched HBO program ever at the time.
πŸ—ΊοΈ
Martin based Westeros's geography partly on Britain and Ireland β€” Westeros is roughly an upside-down, enlarged version of the British Isles. The Wall echoes Hadrian's Wall.
βš”οΈ
Sean Bean (Ned Stark) was cast partly because audiences associate him with dying in movies β€” it made Ned's death simultaneously shocking and, in retrospect, inevitable.
🎡
The Rains of Castamere β€” the Lannister victory song β€” was written by Martin in the books and composed for the show by Ramin Djawadi. It plays during the Red Wedding.
🏰
Filming locations spanned 10 countries: Northern Ireland, Croatia, Spain, Morocco, Iceland, Malta, Scotland, Canada, United States, and Greece.
πŸ’°
Each episode of the final season cost an estimated $15 million. The Battle of Winterfell episode took 55 consecutive night shoots over 11 weeks.
🐲
The House of the Dragon prequel, set 172 years before GOT, premiered in 2022 and was renewed through Season 4. A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms (Dunk & Egg) premiered in 2025.
πŸ“
Martin still writes on a DOS computer using WordStar 4.0, a word processor from 1987. He says it does everything he needs and has no distracting internet.
🀝
Martin was Ty Franck's boss β€” Franck was Martin's personal assistant before co-creating The Expanse with Daniel Abraham. The sci-fi and fantasy worlds are directly connected.

πŸ“– BOOK VS SHOW β€” CHARACTER DIFFERENCES

Click any card to see how the character differs between the books and the HBO adaptation.

βš”οΈ MAJOR PLOT DIFFERENCES

The show followed the books closely through Season 4, then diverged increasingly. Here are the biggest changes.

πŸ’ž KEY RELATIONSHIPS